Happy 1st of September!

I have decided to write a letter to you and share some thoughts and gratitude for your visits.

I recently walked into my favorite park and saw beautiful white pigeons picking some worms. They were mingling without any concern with other “usual” pigeons. They looked so different but were also quite indifferent to their differences from each other. At the same time, they were pigeons who did not care about feather color differences. They all enjoyed green grass and little worms in it.

Birds are so beautiful, all of them. And I have decided to do a simple wrap-up of simple Python classes defining birds and pigeons. I think that this post is a good recap or start for understanding Object-Oriented Programming and the available functionality in Python.

Table of Contents

• Object-Oriented Programming
• Classes in Python
• Class Methods
• Inheritance
• Polymorphism
• Encapsulation
• Conclusion
• References

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in Python

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm that organises code around objects — bundles of data (attributes) and behaviour (methods) defined by classes. In Python, OOP lets you model any real-life or abstract entity as a reusable class and create many independent instances from it.

There are several programming paradigms in computer science, and writing code is the best way to actually understand them. This post focuses on Object-Oriented Programming: as the name suggests, we deal with objects, describing real-life or abstract things with classes.

For instance, birds. We can define a class for birds and also define a class for pigeons. Both classes will be similar, right? And with Python and OOP we can describe birds and pigeons very neatly and create many instances of both classes, thus creating many bird objects defined by both classes!

Defining Classes in Python with init

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Class Methods in Python: Defining Object Behaviour

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Inheritance in Python: Reusing a Parent Class

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Polymorphism in Python: Overriding Inherited Methods

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Encapsulation in Python: Protected and Private Variables

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Conclusion: Python OOP Concepts Summary

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References

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